Desafíos actuales de la Inteligencia Artificial

The interplay between AI act and GDPR 37 data is extensive, encompassing almost any interaction with personal data. Consequently, any stage in the lifecycle of an AI model involving personal data may fall under the GDPR’s jurisdiction. 8 At first glance, this approach may seem quite straightforward; however, there are important differences to consider. 9 The AI Act can initially be viewed as a reinforcement or complement to the GDPR, given that certain principles of the GDPR are reflected in certain provisions of the AI Act. 10 These shared principles can be found in provisions relating to “risk management systems 11 ”, “data governance 12 ”, “technical documentation 13 ”, “human supervision 14 ”, and “transparency 15 .” In other terms, the AI Act commits to establishing a detailed and technologically tailored framework designed to complement the GDPR in fostering responsible AI innovation within Europe, while also upholding the fundamental rights and values of the Union. 16 8 CEDPO AI Working Group, AI and Personal Data A Guide for DPOs “Frequently Asked Questions” , p. 10. 9 CEDPO AI Working Group, AI and Personal Data A Guide for DPOs “Frequently Asked Questions”, p. 10. 10 H. Avocats, ‘Actualités juridiques et digitales’. 11 Article 9 of the Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024 laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence and amending Regulations (EC) No 300/2008, (EU) No 167/2013, (EU) No 168/2013, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2018/1139 and (EU) 2019/2144 and Directives 2014/90/EU, (EU) 2016/797 and (EU) 2020/1828 (Artificial Intelligence Act) (Text with EEA relevance) (2024); Article 35 – Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA) of the Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the Eu- ropean Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) (Text with EEA relevance). 12 Article 10 of the Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024 laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence and amending Regulations (EC) No 300/2008, (EU) No 167/2013, (EU) No 168/2013, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2018/1139 and (EU) 2019/2144 and Directives 2014/90/EU, (EU) 2016/797 and (EU) 2020/1828 (Artificial Intelligence Act) (Text with EEA relevance). 13 Article 11 of the Règlement (UE) 2024/1689 du Parlement européen et du Conseil du 13 juin 2024 établis- sant des règles harmonisées concernant l’intelligence artificielle et modifiant les règlements (CE) n° 300/2008, (UE) n° 167/2013, (UE) n° 168/2013, (UE) 2018/858, (UE) 2018/1139 et (UE) 2019/2144 et les directives 2014/90/UE, (UE) 2016/797 et (UE) 2020/1828 (règlement sur l’intelligence artificielle) (Texte présentant de l’intérêt pour l’EEE) (2024). 14 Article 14 of the Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024 laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence and amending Regulations (EC) No 300/2008, (EU) No 167/2013, (EU) No 168/2013, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2018/1139 and (EU) 2019/2144 and Directives 2014/90/EU, (EU) 2016/797 and (EU) 2020/1828 (Artificial Intelligence Act) (Text with EEA relevance). 15 Article 13 (Transparency and provision of information to deployers) Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 of the Eu- ropean Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024 laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence and amending Regulations (EC) No 300/2008, (EU) No 167/2013, (EU) No 168/2013, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2018/1139 and (EU) 2019/2144 and Directives 2014/90/EU, (EU) 2016/797 and (EU) 2020/1828 (Artificial Intelligence Act) (Text with EEA relevance); Article 5(1)(a) Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parlia- ment and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) (Text with EEA relevance). 16 CEDPO AI Working Group, AI and Personal Data A Guide for DPOs “Frequently Asked Questions”, p. 10.